Sunday 7 December 2014

Random Gutenberg

Random Gutenberg is a Twitter bot which tweets random sentences from random Project Gutenberg eBooks.

RandomGutenberg.java

package org.adrianwalker.randomgutenberg;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import static java.lang.String.format;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.zip.ZipInputStream;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import twitter4j.Status;
import twitter4j.Twitter;
import twitter4j.TwitterFactory;

public final class RandomGutenberg {

  private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(RandomGutenberg.class);
  private static final int MAX_OFFSET = 3934400;
  private static final String GUTENBERG_ROBOT_URL = "http://www.gutenberg.org/robot/harvest?offset=%s&filetypes[]=txt";
  private static final Pattern HREF_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("href=\"(http://.*)\"");
  private static final Pattern SENTENCE_ENDINGS_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("(?<=\\s?\"?[.!?]\"?\\s?)");
  private static final Pattern WORD_ENDINGS_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("\\s");
  private static final int MAX_TRIES = 3;
  private static final int MAX_TWEET_LENGTH = 140;
  private static final int MIN_WORD_COUNT = 3;

  public static void main(final String[] args) {

    Random randomNumberGenerator = new Random(new Random(System.currentTimeMillis()).nextLong());

    String eBookText = null;

    for (int tries = 0; tries < MAX_TRIES; tries++) {
      try {
        eBookText = getRandomEbookText(randomNumberGenerator);
        break;
      } catch (final Throwable t) {
        LOGGER.error("Error getting eBook text", t);
      }
    }

    if (null == eBookText) {
      return;
    }

    String sentence = getRandomSentence(eBookText, randomNumberGenerator);

    try {
      tweet(sentence);
    } catch (final Throwable t) {
      LOGGER.error("Error sending tweet", t);
    }
  }

  private static String getRandomSentence(final String eBookText, final Random randomNumberGenerator) {

    List<String> sentences = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(SENTENCE_ENDINGS_PATTERN.split(eBookText)));

    Iterator<String> sentenceIterator = sentences.iterator();
    while (sentenceIterator.hasNext()) {

      String sentence = sentenceIterator.next();
      String[] words = WORD_ENDINGS_PATTERN.split(sentence);

      int sentenceLength = sentence.length();
      int wordCount = words.length;

      if (wordCount < MIN_WORD_COUNT || sentenceLength > MAX_TWEET_LENGTH) {
        sentenceIterator.remove();
      }
    }

    String sentence = sentences.get(randomNumberGenerator.nextInt(sentences.size()));

    return sentence;
  }

  private static String getRandomEbookText(final Random randomNumberGenerator) throws Throwable {

    int offset = randomNumberGenerator.nextInt(MAX_OFFSET);
    URL url = new URL(format(GUTENBERG_ROBOT_URL, offset));

    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(url.openStream()));
    List<String> hrefs = new ArrayList<>();

    String line;
    while (null != (line = reader.readLine())) {

      Matcher matcher = HREF_PATTERN.matcher(line);

      if (matcher.find()) {
        hrefs.add(matcher.group(1));
      }
    }

    reader.close();

    String randomHref = hrefs.get(randomNumberGenerator.nextInt(hrefs.size()));

    url = new URL(randomHref);

    ZipInputStream zis = new ZipInputStream(url.openStream());
    zis.getNextEntry();
    reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(zis));
    StringBuilder eBookBuffer = new StringBuilder();

    while (null != (line = reader.readLine())) {

      if (eBookBuffer.length() > 0) {
        eBookBuffer.append(" ");
      }

      line = line.trim();
      eBookBuffer.append(line);
    }

    reader.close();

    String eBookText = eBookBuffer.toString();

    return eBookText;
  }

  private static Status tweet(final String sentence) throws Throwable {

    String message = sentence;

    Twitter twitter = TwitterFactory.getSingleton();
    Status status = twitter.updateStatus(message);

    return status;
  }
}

Source Code

Rule 30

Wolfram's Rule 30 is proper interesting, isn't it?

Here is a Java implementation:

Wolfram.java

package org.adrianwalker.cellularautomation;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

public final class Wolfram {

  private static final int MAX_TIME = 500;
  private static final int MAX_SPACE = MAX_TIME * 2;
  private static final int WHITE = Color.WHITE.getRGB();
  private static final int BLACK = Color.BLACK.getRGB();
  private static final String FORMAT = "png";
  private static final String OUTPUT = "/var/tmp/output.png";

  // cell to RGB lookup
  private static final Map<Integer, Integer> CELL_RGB = new HashMap<>();
  static {
    CELL_RGB.put(0, WHITE);
    CELL_RGB.put(1, BLACK);
  }

  // RGB to cell lookup
  private static final Map<Integer, Integer> RGB_CELL = new HashMap<>();
  static {
    RGB_CELL.put(WHITE, 0);
    RGB_CELL.put(BLACK, 1);
  }

  // http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_30
  //
  // current pattern          111 110 101 100 011 010 001 000
  // new state for center cell 0   0   0   1   1   1   1   0
  private static final Map<Integer, Integer> RULE_30 = new HashMap<>();
  static {
    RULE_30.put(Arrays.hashCode(new int[]{1, 1, 1}), 0);
    RULE_30.put(Arrays.hashCode(new int[]{1, 1, 0}), 0);
    RULE_30.put(Arrays.hashCode(new int[]{1, 0, 1}), 0);
    RULE_30.put(Arrays.hashCode(new int[]{1, 0, 0}), 1);
    RULE_30.put(Arrays.hashCode(new int[]{0, 1, 1}), 1);
    RULE_30.put(Arrays.hashCode(new int[]{0, 1, 0}), 1);
    RULE_30.put(Arrays.hashCode(new int[]{0, 0, 1}), 1);
    RULE_30.put(Arrays.hashCode(new int[]{0, 0, 0}), 0);
  }

  public static void main(final String[] args) throws Throwable {

    BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(MAX_SPACE, MAX_TIME, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

    init(image);
    execute(image, RULE_30);

    ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT, new File(OUTPUT));
  }

  private static void init(final BufferedImage image) {

    int time;
    int space;
    for (time = 0; time < MAX_TIME; time++) {
      for (space = 0; space < MAX_SPACE; space++) {
        image.setRGB(space, time, WHITE);
      }
    }

    time = 0;
    space = MAX_SPACE / 2;
    image.setRGB(space, time, BLACK);
  }

  private static void execute(final BufferedImage image, final Map<Integer, Integer> rule) {

    for (int time = 1; time < MAX_TIME; time++) {
      for (int space = 1; space < MAX_SPACE - 1; space++) {

        int[] pattern = {
          RGB_CELL.get(image.getRGB(space - 1, time - 1)),
          RGB_CELL.get(image.getRGB(space, time - 1)),
          RGB_CELL.get(image.getRGB(space + 1, time - 1))
        };

        int cell = rule.get(Arrays.hashCode(pattern));
        image.setRGB(space, time, CELL_RGB.get(cell));
      }
    }
  }
}

Output


(Click To Enlarge)